Описание
In coastal areas, now occupied by Los Angeles, lived in the XVI century and the Chumash Indians Tongwa. The first European landed in the vicinity of the current Los Angeles in 1542 on two ships "San Salvador" and "La Victoria" (displacement of 50 tons each), became a navigator Juan Rodriguez Cabrillo (pilot and his deputy was Bartolome Ferrell) [ 7]. Sail from La Navidad (Mexico), July 27, 1542, Cabrillo landed in the Bay of San Diego on September 28. While on the coast there was an Indian village of Yang-Na. Himself a pioneer died January 3, 1543 and was buried on the island of San Miguel, later named after him, "Juan Rodriguez» (Juan Rodriguez). On his voyage Cabrillo wrote in the magazine, which brought him to the pilot, and now it is stored in one of the archives of Seville (Spain). [8]
Only after 227 years it landed next expedition under the command of Gaspar Portola, which was attended by the Franciscan missionary Juan Crespi, who noted in his memoirs suitable areas for settlement. In 1771 another missionary, Hunipero Serra founded the mission at this place, named after the archangel Gabriel. By the time the territory of modern Los Angeles, there were about 30 Indians Tongwa settlements, where there were about three thousand people. September 4, 1781, at the insistence of both the Governor Felipe de Neve California, close to the mission of a group of Spanish colonists, consisting of 46 people, was founded the village called El Pueblo de Nuestra Señora la Reina de los Ángeles sobre El Río Porciúncula (Spanish village Mary, Queen of Angels, on the river Porsyunkula) [9]. A few decades a new settlement had only a small town, but by 1820 it was already the largest secular settlement in California: 650 people lived here. Downtown at night
After the independence of Mexico in Los Angeles was a short duration of its composition. After the defeat of Mexico in the Mexican-American War, the city moved to the United States on a peace treaty in 1848. In 1850, Los Angeles received official city status. [9]
In 1876 the company completed construction of the Southern Pacific Railroad to Los Angeles [10]. Citrus fruit, especially oranges grow, it soon became the foundation of the local economy. Over the last forty years of XIX century. population increased from 2.3 thousand to 100 thousand inhabitants. In 1892 near the town were discovered oil and by 1923 at the Los Angeles area accounted for a quarter of total world production of hydrocarbons [11]. In 1913, William Mulholland completed the construction of an aqueduct that provided water-growing Los Angeles. Since the 1920s in Los Angeles quickly began to develop the aviation industry and open studios. In 1932 the city took X Summer Olympic Games.
